Harrow



(No Model.

S. GORDERMAN..

' HARROW.

V No. 417,544. Patented Deo. 17, 1 889.

4 UNITED: STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SOLOMON CORDERMAN, OF VVAVELAND, IOVVA.

HARROW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 417,544, dated December 17, 1889. 4

Application filed .Tune 6, 1889.

.T all whom, it may concern.-

' Be it known that I, SoLoMoN CORDERMAN,

" a citizen of the United States, residing at Waveland township, in thecounty of Potta- Wattamie and State of Iowa, have invented a new and useful Harrow, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in that class of harrows which are adapted to "harrow corn that has been planted with a row-tooth holder. Fig. 3 is a perspective View of the staple of the tooth-holder.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

In the accompanying drawings, F designates the wings or pivoted frames of the harrow, Which carry the teeth C. There are two wings to each section of the harrow. The wings are composed of the curved bars a and the end bars C67.

The inner curved bars a of each section of the harrow are constructed i'ntegral with the end bars a", and the other curved bars a** are bent at their ends and riveted to the end bars a The longitudinal bars B and the cross-bars E constitute frames, to which the wings F are pivoted.

The rear cross-bars E are firmly secured to the rear ends of the bars B, and the forward cross-bars E are removably secured to the forward ends of the bars B by means of the bolts (L and nuts a e are braces, which are secured at their rear ends to the rear cross-'bars E and at their forward ends to the bars B. The handles D are secured to the top sides of the bars B, and are strengthened by means of the braces 6 there being four of these braces, two to each handle. They are located on'opposite sides of the handle, and are secured at their upper ends to the handle and at their lower ends to the rear cross-bars E. The four rods e pass Serial No. 313,404. (No model.)

snugly through apertures in the curved bars (1 and each has one of its ends bent, forming an aperture adapted to receive the hooks of the chain 6 which secures the two sections of the harrow together. The brackets e are firmly secured to the tops of the bars B. The four lugs e', each provided with the slot are riveted to the outward curved bars a of the wings of each section. The stay-bars 6 (there being two 'to each section of the harrow) are secured at their inner ends to the tops of the brackets e by means of the bolts d, which pass loosely through apertures in the ends of the stay-bars and screw into threaded apertures in the tops of the brackets e. The outwardjends of the stay-bars pass loosely through the slots of the lugs e'. Each of the stay-bars have one or more apertures 6 The cross-bars E are bent at their ends, forming apertures adapted to receive the ends of the rods 6 Which are riveted at their inner ends to the curved bars 0, and their other ends enter the apertures in the ends of the cross-bars E, thus pivoting the wings F to the cross-bars E. The pieces a are hinged by means of the staples 0, or in any other suitable manner, to the forward ends of the bars .B. If desired, the hinges can be omitted and the bars B and pieces a constructed integral. The tooth-holder A is curved to fit the curved bars a and has a recess a' to receive the harrow-tooth. The recess is constructed straight on one side and slanting upon the other It also has notches ain each end, and is provided with the staple a which has nuts a upon its threaded ends. portion of the holder A having the recess and also the harrow-tooth, and it passes through apertures in the curved bars a adapted to receive it, thus securing that portion of the holder having the recess and the harrow-tooth to the curved bars a By means of turning off and on the nuts a upon the ends of the staples a the tooth can be adjusted so that it will project at any desired distance below the curved bars 01/ Each of the harrow-teeth C are secured to the curved bars by means of a tooth-holder A. A doubletree is secured to the forward ends of the pieces a to which the horses that propel the harrow are attached.

The staple a straddles that- IOO The harrow, constructed as shown in Fig. 1, is adapted to harrow two rows of corn at the same time, there being a row located between the wings F of each section of the hai-row; but by securing another handle to one of the sections and removing the chain a harrow *is provided adapted to harrow a single row at a time. The View in Fig. 1 shows the harrow teeth in contact with the straight side of the recess a', and the teeth are peipendicular; but by removing the forward cross-bars E and taking the two outside wings and placing each in the place of the inside wing the nearest to it, and placing each inside wing in the place of the outside wing the nearest to it, and turning all the wings so that the forward pivot-rods will enter the rear cross bars E and the rear pivotrods will enter the forward cross-bars E, and securing the forward cross-bars E to the forward end of the bar B, then, as the harrow is moved forward, the teeth will come in contact with the slanting side of the recess a', and will assume a slanting position. As each of the wings F is hung upon pivots, each can turn upon its pivots independent of the others. This construction permits the wings to adapt themselves to and to harrow uneven ground, or ground that has hollows and ridges such as are made and left by a lister when planting corn with it. The apertures in the ends of the stay-bars c through which the bolts d pass, are made of sufficient size to give the stay-bars play enough to permit the wings F to be turned so that the end bars (t can assume, if desired, an upright position. By inserting pins in the aperturcs e of the staybars the wings can be turned and held by the stay-bars at any desired angle, and when moving the harrow over ground that should not be harrowed the wings can be turned and secured by the stay-bars, so that the end bars C0 of the wings will be upright and the harrow will rest upon the inner eurved bars (LG of each section, so that the harrow can be drawn over the ground without having' its teeth come in contact with the soil.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A harrow coinposed of the longitudinal bar B, provided with the upwardly-extending bracket d, the cross-bars E, secured to the ends of the bar B, the wings F, pivotally connected at each of their ends to the cross-bars E and being composed of the curved bars (t carrying the teeth C, and of the end bars (t the slotted lu gs e', secured to the outer curved bars of the wings F, and the perforated staybars 6 which pass through the slots in the lugs c' and are secured at 'their inner ends to the top' of the bracket d, all combined substantially as described.

2. A harrow provided with a tooth-holder consisting of the body having its ends notchcd,

the recess a' to receive the tooth, and which v is constructed straight on one side and slanting on the'othcr, and the staple (L2, which straddlcs the harrow-tooth and the body of the tooth-ho1der and passes through and is secured to the bars carrying the teeth, all combined substantially as described.

SOLOMON CORDERMAN. witnesses:

JAMES PUGH, l\[AY \VILLARD 

